Demokracja liberalna – kryzys i perspektywy

Andrzej Antoszewski

doi:10.35765/hp.3032

Published : 2026-09-30

Vol. 17 No. 60 (2026)

Liberal Democracy – Crisis and Perspectives

Andrzej Antoszewski

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-4471

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35765/hp.3032

Section: Articles Varia

Abstract

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: Analysis of the causes of the crisis of liberal democracy and its perspectives.

THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The article answers the following research questions: what are the causes of the crisis of liberal democracy and what are its perspectives. The scholarly discussion is based on an analysis of the academic literature.

THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The article begins with an analysis of the crisis of liberal democracy, including its causes; it then proceeds to examine the prospects for the survival of liberal democracy and the possible replacement of it by another political system.

RESEARCH RESULTS: We are dealing with a multifaceted crisis of liberal democracy which, however, possesses a whole range of features that enable it to survive. Alternatively, it may be replaced by electoral democracy, electoral autocracy, delegative populism, or illiberal democracy.

CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The system of liberal democracy requires modifications of institutions and procedures; this is a far better solution than changing the system to some form of autocracy.

Keywords

liberal democracy ; crisis ; resilience of democracy ; delegative populism ; illiberal democracy

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