English
Język Polski
Francja, Wielka Brytania i Niemcy wobec wdrożenia europejskiego systemu odstraszania nuklearnego
Abstract
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The scientific objective of the article is to examine the possibility of establishing a European nuclear deterrent system based on French-British nuclear capabilities.
THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: A central element of the analysis is a comparison of French and British deterrence capabilities – their doctrines and capabilities – in the context of strategic cooperation, supplemented by the perspective of Germany, which, despite not possessing its own nuclear weapons, plays a key role within NATO’s nuclear sharing system. The analysis is based on a historical-comparative method, a systemic and legal analysis of documents and literature, enriched by a case study assessing the possibility of creating a European extended deterrence based on the capabilities of France and the United Kingdom.
THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The structure of the article is based on the criterion of subject matter and the subordinate criterion of chronological narrative, and its main part consists of: an overview of the assumptions of the French offer of extended deterrence, followed by the British position, more cautious and based on NATO nuclear deterrence, and the German perception (key beneficiary country of the American nuclear sharing programme).
RESEARCH RESULTS: The research has identified factors that limit the implementation of a European autonomous nuclear deterrent system that would be as credible as the American one.
CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The analysis has proven that the prospects for the development of European nuclear deterrence based on French – British capabilities are illusory in the short term. At the same time, the increase in geopolitical instability and the deepening of transatlantic ‘strategic rifts’, caused by the rise of American isolationist tendencies and fears of the US’ withdrawal from Europe, mean that Europe should start discussing a European system of extended deterrence.
Keywords
France ; United Kingdom ; Germany ; European nuclear deterrence
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