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Język Polski
Self – government in Poland in the light of the constitutional principle of the separation of estate
Abstract
The article discusses the constitutional and system status of self-government from the perspective of the principle of separation of powers established in Article 10 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. It focuses on answering three research questions: Did the traditional concepts of the division of powers distinguish the self-government? In the light of the constitutional principle of the separation of powers, can self-government be regarded as an authority? What does the concept of a fourth authority mean in relation to local government? The analysis covers selected traditional concepts of the division of powers from the point of view of the category of self-government authority. The article presents the main assumptions of Montesquieu's concept as the basis for the modern principle of the separation of powers, distinguishes three positions on the relationship between the principle of the separation of powers and local self-government and indicates what the concept of the fourth estate means in relation to local self-government. The analysis made it possible to conclude that self-government can be considered a fourth estate in an informal sense. The term fourth estate is used to emphasise the importance and value of certain institutions, while in the light of the principle of the separation of powers, self-government cannot be considered as one of the powers in the state.
Keywords
power ; separation of powers ; self-government ; constitution
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