The Economic Role of Technology in International Trade: Theory and Practice in the Trade War

Wanda Dugiel

doi:10.35765/hp.2626

Published : 2024-06-30

Vol. 15 No. 51 (2024)

The Economic Role of Technology in International Trade: Theory and Practice in the Trade War

Wanda Dugiel

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1369-3523

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35765/hp.2626

Section: Articles Varia

Abstract

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the paper is to analyze the economic effects of technological changes and restrictions on the freedom of technology transfer in the contemporary global economy on international trade turnover in the context of the trade conflict between the United States and China.

THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: A qualitative method was used to analyze the problem of restrictions on technology transfer in the modern world economy. The article also uses a quantitative method, including a review of the statistics of international trade turnover of high‑tech goods to examine the effects of the US‑China trade war.

THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: On the basis of the theoretical approach to the premises of trade exchange (Ricardian model, Heckscher‑Ohlin theory) and subsequent theories, in particular the approach of Schumpeter, Krugman and Melitz, the relationship between the role of technological changes
and the gains from international trade was examined. The article presents the motives behind the escalation of the technological trade war between the United States and China.

RESEARCH RESULTS: Scientific analysis confirmed that technological changes and the spread of technology as a result of the intensification of inter national trade turnover are associated with a specific impact on benefits and losses for the country with a technological advantage as a result of the “learning by doing” phenomenon. Theoretical analysis has led to conclusions that justify the use of massive public investments in US industrial policy.

CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Further research should cover issues regarding the influence of states on support ing the development of advanced technologies. Appropriately shaped economic policy consisting in increased spending on research and development and the use of trade and industrial policy tools will significantly contribute to the increase in the competitiveness of the United States economy.

Keywords

international trade, technological change, World Trade Organization, trade war, United States

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